Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
In genetic data modeling, the use of a limited number of samples for modeling and predicting, especially well below the attribute\nnumber, is difficult due to the enormous number of genes detected by a sequencing platform. In addition, many studies\ncommonly use machine learning methods to evaluate genetic datasets to identify potential disease-related genes and drug\ntargets, but to the best of our knowledge, the information associated with the selected gene set was not thoroughly elucidated\nin previous studies. To identify a relatively stable scheme for modeling limited samples in the gene datasets and reveal the\ninformation that they contain, the present study first evaluated the performance of a series of modeling approaches for\npredicting clinical endpoints of cancer and later integrated the results using various voting protocols. As a result, we proposed\na relatively stable scheme that used a set of methods with an ensemble algorithm. Our findings indicated that the ensemble\nmethodologies are more reliable for predicting cancer prognoses than single machine learning algorithms as well as for gene\nfunction evaluating. The ensemble methodologies provide a more complete coverage of relevant genes, which can facilitate the\nexploration of cancer mechanisms and the identification of potential drug targets....
Chitin deacetylase (CDA; EC 3. 5. 1. 41) catalyzes the deacetylation of chitin.\nIn this study, we successfully cloned and sequenced a chitin deacetylase gene\nfrom the red snow crab Chionoecetes japonicus . By using reverse transcription-\npolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and 5' and 3' rapid amplification of\ncDNA ends, we obtained a 2141-bp amplicon containing a chitin deacetylase\ngene (CjCDA) from the epidermis of C. japonicus . The amplicon contains a\n1575-bp open reading frame that is predicted to encode a 525-amino acid\nprotein. The structure predicted from the deduced amino acid sequence included\nan N-terminal signal peptide, chitin-binding domain (CBD),\nlow-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain (LDL-A), and catalytic domain.\nComparative analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of CjCDA\nrevealed the highest homology (74%) to gastrolith protein 59 of Cherax quadricarinatus\n. We used RT-PCR to evaluate the expression of CjCDA in various\ntissues of C. japonicus , and we observed that CjCDA was expressed only\nin the epidermis. A phylogenetic analysis, using the amino acid sequences of\nCjCDA and other known chitin deacetylases, showed that CjCDA belonged to\na group of crustacean chitin deacetylases. To our knowledge, this is the first\nstudy reporting the cDNA cloning of a chitin deacetylase from a crab....
Odontoblasts, the main cell type in teeth pulp tissue, are not cultivable and they are responsible for the first line of response after\ndental restauration. Studies on dentalmaterials cytotoxicity and odontoblast cells physiology require large quantity of homogenous\ncells retaining most of the phenotype characteristics. Odontoblast-like cells (OLC) were differentiated from human dental pulp\nstem cells using differentiationmedium (containing TGF-...
Background: Puberty is a pivotal stage in female animal development, and marks the onset of reproductive capability.\nHowever, little is known about the function of lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) in puberty. Therefore, RNA-seq analysis\nwere performed between goats and rats to clarify the roles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the onset of puberty.\nResults: In the present study, the length of lncRNAs, the length of the open reading frame and the exon count were\ncompared between the two species. Furthermore, functional annotation analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of\nGenes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of lncRNAs target genes and differentially expressed\nmRNA demonstrated the significantly enriched terms, such as AMPK signaling pathway, oxytocin signaling pathway,\ninsulin secretion as well as pheromone receptor activity, and some other signaling pathways which were involved in\nthe regulation of female puberty. Moreover, our results of siRNA interference in vitro showed the candidate lncRNA\nXLOC_446331 may play a crucial role in regulating female puberty.\nConclusion: In conclusion, the RNA-seq analysis between goat and rat provide novel candidate regulators for genetic\nand molecular studies on female puberty....
The Hippo pathway is a critical transcriptional signaling pathway that regulates cell growth,\nproliferation and organ development. The transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) protein\nfamily consists of four paralogous transcription factors that function to modulate gene expression in\nresponse to the Hippo signaling pathway. Transcriptional activation of these proteins occurs upon\nbinding to the co-activator YAP/TAZ whose entry into the nucleus is regulated by Lats1/2 kinase.\nIn recent years, it has become apparent that the dysregulation and/or overexpression of Hippo\npathway effectors is implicated in a wide range of cancers, including prostate, gastric and liver cancer.\nA large body of work has been dedicated to understanding the therapeutic potential of modulating\nthe phosphorylation and localization of YAP/TAZ. However, YAP/TAZ are considered to be natively\nunfolded and may be intractable as drug targets. Therefore, TEAD proteins present themselves as\nan excellent therapeutic target for intervention of the Hippo pathway. This review summarizes the\nfunctional role of TEAD proteins in cancer and assesses the therapeutic potential of antagonizing\nTEAD function in vivo....
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